Ask The Lawyer
Weir Bowen is an Edmonton-based law firm. Their lawyers have represented clients across Alberta, B.C., and the Northwest Territories… and have been counsel in precedent setting cases up to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Ask the Lawyer is heard the last Saturday of the Month on CFWE North & CJWE South in Alberta, Canada. For details visit https://cfweradio.ca/ & https://weirbowen.com/
Ask The Lawyer
When Liability Is Contested: Motorcycle Accident Claims in Alberta (September 2026)
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This month on Ask the Lawyer, Cynthia Carels and Edward Sanders break down what motorcycle and motor vehicle accident claims look like in Alberta when liability is contested and injuries continue to evolve. From why insurers often argue a rider contributed to the crash to why early evidence like witness accounts, scene details, and accident reconstruction matters so much, they walk through how a strong claim is built.
The conversation also explores the realities of traumatic brain injury, concussion, and PTSD after a collision, along with the practical side of a claim, including Section B benefits, limitation periods, hit and run claims under the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act, and SEF 44 coverage. A grounded discussion to help you understand your rights and what to know after a serious crash.
Ask the Lawyer is heard the last Saturday of the Month on CFWE North & CJWE South in Alberta, Canada. For more information visit www.weirbowen.com & cfweradio.ca.
Welcome And Meet The Lawyers
Warren BergGood morning and welcome to the September 2026 edition of Ask the Lawyer Across Alberta on Windspeaker Radio, CFWE and CJWE. I'm your host, Warren Berg, and joining us this month, as usual, is Cynthia Carrolls of Wearbowen LLP, and along with her today is Teddy Sanders, an associate at Wearbowen.
Cynthia CarelsGood to see you again, Warren.
Warren BergThanks for having me on the show. We're Bowen is an Edmonton-based law firm. However, their lawyers have represented clients across Alberta, BC, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories, and have been counsel in precedent-setting cases all the way up to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, you know, We're Bowen really prides itself on helping individuals from across Canada, and especially Western Canada and Northern Canada, navigate some very difficult periods in their lives. And as a plaintiff-focused firm, we are regularly working with people who, you know, may not ordinarily interact with the legal system. Overwhelmingly, they're victims of someone else's wrongdoing, and you know, they honestly never asked to be involved in a lawsuit in the first place. And that's why we place a large emphasis on demystifying what can be a complex and you know somewhat laborious legal process so that our clients can better understand their legal options and attain compensation that they are going to need to move on with their lives.
SPEAKER_01Yeah, and we we take pride in offering high-quality legal services to our clients. Uh the lawyers at We Are Bowen have extensive knowledge of the litigation processes. Our firm has experienced dealing with a variety of personal injury claims such as medical malpractice, slip and falls, wrongful death claims, assaults, dog bites, product liability claims, and motor vehicle accidents.
Cynthia CarelsAnd and actually beyond personal injury claims as well, we also have several lawyers who've extended their practices into things like disability claims, uh, real estate, wills and estates, insurance law, um, administrative and even constitutional law and other areas as well. But uh generally speaking, most of the work we do relates to personal injury in one way or another. And some of these little tangential areas just actually help us to provide a fuller suite of services to our clients.
Warren BergIt's very good to know. Is there anything else that we should know that differentiates Weirbowen?
SPEAKER_01Um, that's a really good question, Warren. I would be remiss if I didn't mention trial experience as a strong point at Weirbowen. Uh,
What Weir Bowen Handles
SPEAKER_01while civil claims don't make their way to trial all that often, when they do, having lawyers that have trial experience isn't an invaluable asset. A good trial lawyer will have many attributes. Um, they'll have mastery of the factual record, uh, they'll be able to anticipate arguments from the other side and prepare their own arguments accordingly. Uh, and crucially, they must be able to develop uh detailed trial plans and be able to deviate from those plans at a moment's notice as new information arises. So at Weir Bowen, our lawyers are exposed to trial work early in their careers, uh, from small claims all the way up to multimillion dollar cases. Uh this collective trial experience is incredibly uh valuable uh for our uh it's a valuable resource for our lawyers as we move through the civil litigation process. And ironically, Weir Bowen's extensive trial experience can even help achieve better settlements without a trial. So why is that? Well, it's because insurance justice and defense counsel know that Weir Bowen has the resources and experience bench strength to back up the threat of going to trial.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, that's very true. And and although we're definitely trying to work towards timely and practical settlements for our clients without trial, uh that credibility of the threat of going to trial varies a lot between different law firms. And that credibility can help to move the needle during settlement discussions. Uh and I'll also add that Weirbowen's lawyers have year after year been recognized by our peers in the industry, uh not only other plaintiff lawyers, but actually also by lawyers who defend against a lot of the lawsuits that we bring. Uh for instance, a number of our lawyers have repeatedly been recognized as the best lawyers in Canada. And for as long as I've been at Weirbowen, at least one of our colleagues has also been voted as lawyer of the year in personal injury, medical malpractice, or insurance law.
Warren BergAaron Powell So how would these recognitions actually work? Is this like the Oscars for lawyers?
Cynthia CarelsUh you know, honestly, uh it can be so hard for members of the general public to figure out who is a good lawyer or who's the best lawyer, uh, let alone who other lawyers in the industry actually respect. And there are all sorts of recognition programs out there that are basically sort of pay-to-play marketing schemes, uh, you know, where web developers come up with some sort of search engine optimized landing page for a basically a made-up awards program, uh, and then they go out and solicit lawyers to pay for placement on their page without a lot of objective, independent evidence, um, other really than how much a lawyer from a law firm is going to pay for that placement. And so that kind of stuff, it's not particularly helpful for members of the public because it can be, you know, a little bit misleading. Uh so back in the 1980s, there were two graduates from Harvard Law School that developed a system to collect peer reviews of the best lawyers in uh in the United States. And their system was intended to sort through that marketing noise so that members of the public could have an unbiased resource to find lawyers with reputations that other lawyers actually respected, regardless of whether those lawyers were prepared to pay big money to get on the list. And in fact, lawyers can't pay for a spot with the best lawyers in Canada resource. And that's why this particular recognition actually does mean a lot. Uh and over the years, that Best Lawyers in America program has expanded internationally. Uh, they're constantly upgrading their methodologies. So, you know, the Best Lawyers in Canada list is really a good one for members of the public to turn to whenever or whatever area of law that they need to find a lawyer who's actually held in high esteem by the legal community.
Warren BergSo, how how do you get on this best lawyers list? Is there like an evening gown competition?
Cynthia CarelsYou actually do have to be nominated. Uh, and then your nomination is subjected to peer review by other lawyers who have already been recognized by the publication. And those candidates also have to be in good standing with their local bar association or the law society. So everybody who is on that list has been vetted.
SPEAKER_01And we're very proud to have seven of our lawyers on the best lawyers
Trial Strength And Real Settlements
SPEAKER_01list in Canada, um, including the amazing Cynthia Carroll sitting right next to us, uh, who's received the award for the last six years running. So she's kind of a big deal. That's very impressive.
Cynthia CarelsUh yeah, well, thanks to you both. Uh yeah, but really, I truly think the success of all of our lawyers at Weirbowen speaks to our culture as a firm. We take providing high-quality legal services very seriously, uh, but we're also a really collegial group of lawyers. And so when you're hiring somebody at Weirbowen, you're actually not just hiring one lawyer, you're actually hiring a team of, you know, really committed and well-respected legal professionals.
SPEAKER_01I couldn't agree more. And while most people want the best lawyers on their side, they also want someone uh they feel comfortable working with.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, and that's a really important point to make, Teddy, because uh, you know, we know it can seem really intimidating to reach out to a lawyer in the first place, and we do not want to leave anyone with the impression that recognitions like this make us unapproachable.
SPEAKER_01Yeah, we are BOA and our lawyers, I would say, are focused not only on providing our clients with competent legal services, but also on attending to their needs with compassion. Um, this is very important because of the work that we do, particularly with um personal injury claims. It's very personal. And in any given claim, our team will be looking at sensitive medical records and psychological records, tax returns, employment files, school records, you name it, and all sorts of other private information that might be relevant to your claim.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, so it's one of the big reasons why we actually like to do free public legal education, like Ask the Lawyer here on Windspeaker Radio. Uh, because we think it's super important for potential clients to actually hear our voices, um, speak about the complex legal issues in what we hope is accessible language, and then to break down any misconceptions about our approachability overall, you know, especially when we're talking about claims as personal as personal injury, getting the right fit with a lawyer is so crucial.
Warren BergSo, speaking of personal injury claims, what are we going to be focusing on today?
Cynthia CarelsWell, today we're gonna chat a little bit more about motor vehicle accident claims. Um, as you might have seen in the news over the past few weeks, 2026 is shaping up to be one of the most dangerous years for motorists in the last decade. Uh collisions in Alberta are up across the board, and unfortunately, so are motor vehicle accident injuries uh involving fatalities.
SPEAKER_01And it's worth noting as well that as temperatures cool into the fall season, there are a number of factors which increase the risk to drivers and pedestrians. And these include unpredictable weather, um freeze thaw cycles, gigantic potholes, uh, dirty windshields, impairing views, the angle of the sun, and just shorter hours of daylight.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, and and during this year, we also can't forget about those motorists who kind of want to stretch the
Peer Awards And How They Work
Cynthia Carelssummer out with those high performance sports cars and motorcycles. Uh when temperatures approach zero, summer tires can lose a lot of their effectiveness, and that can make accidents more likely. And while we're on the topic, um, you know, I also do like to bring special attention to the culprit in some of the most tragic motor vehicle accident cases I have to deal with, uh, and those are motorcycles.
Warren BergSo let's start with motorcycle accidents specifically then. Are they more challenging than other kinds of collisions?
SPEAKER_01Well, they're definitely challenging in their own way. Um with must motorcycle accidents, insurers have a tendency to allege the driver contributed to the accident in some way or another. In these accidents, speed is often a factor. Additionally, in motorcycle motorcycles can move unpredictably and be hard to see for other drivers, especially during inclement conditions and when drivers aren't expecting motorcycles to be on the road.
Warren BergSo, what do you do if an insurance company wants to blame your client for contributing to the accident?
Cynthia CarelsSo, in these kinds of circumstances, I'm gonna say that the sooner we're involved as lawyers, the better. Uh, for all collisions, but especially ones involving motorcycles, it's really important to gather evidence from uh from the scene and from independent witnesses because this evidence can be used during settlement negotiations. And if a matter goes to trial, uh then those independent witnesses can also be called to testify about what happened. And in addition, it can be useful to actually attend the scene of the collision, especially if there's still markings that are visible on the roadway or any um, you know, debris from the collision. And that information can be really useful for accident reconstructionists who can help us piece together how that collision likely unfolded. Uh, and it's also a really good idea to get independent inspections done of the vehicles involved themselves before they're fixed up or before they're sent to scrap, because vehicles can house a lot of data about the speed and the movements leading up to that collision. And the data can be very useful when we're actually trying to figure out what exactly did happen.
Warren BergCan can you maybe explain what an accident reconstructionist does?
SPEAKER_01Well, accident reconstruction is a specialized field that involves a lot of physics and engineering expertise. Uh if an accident is serious enough, the police may even close a roadway to bring out an accident reconstructionist of their own to take measurements and photographs and to document the final resting places of the vehicles involved in the collision. These reconstructionists will also usually work to catalog physical evidence, including liquid spills, fractured glass, skid marks, and scratches on the road, and physical damage to infrastructure like guardrails. They will also gather evidence about the collision on the roadway and possibly even conduct friction tests on the road surfaces before conditions change.
Cynthia CarelsAnd we, as lawyers, can also hire private investigation or accident reconstructionists as well. And in, you know, these tricky liability situations, we frequently do need to get these private experts involved. Um, you know, it's for a few reasons, but you know, not all accidents are attended by that police reconstructionist. And where the accident is being reconstructed by police, uh, we might actually need some assistance in decoding what that evidence shows or to better understand what we don't know. And we found that in cases where liability is being contested in some way, having that accident reconstruction expert of our own can be really crucial to building that overall liability case.
SPEAKER_01And in some cases, accident reconstruction experts can actually be useful to better understand how the forces in a collision cause the plaintiff's injuries. For instance, an expert in biomechanics can provide evidence on the particular forces at play in an accident and how those forces may have contributed to musculoskeletal injuries, broken bones, concussions, etc. This evidence, in conjunction with evidence tendered by medical professionals such as doctors and occupational therapists, can help complete the picture of a plaintiff's injuries, from the physical forces which cause them to the long-term effects those injuries will have on an individual's overall quality of life.
Warren BergSo correct me if I'm wrong here. It sounds like proving liability
Why 2026 Roads Feel Riskier
Warren Bergmay not be the only thing that makes motorcycle accidents challenging.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, you are completely right on that, Warren. Uh as Teddy was alluding to, even after trying to reconstruct what actually happened in an accident, there are several other factors that motor make motorcycle claims uh especially challenging. And for one, obviously, motorcycle accidents involve much more serious injuries most of the time. Motorcyclists are exceptionally vulnerable when compared to other motorists in a you know a fully caged vehicle. Uh motorcycle riders have no seat belts, they have no airbags, no vehicle frame to absorb the forces of the collision. Uh and unfortunately, bikers can actually be catapulted into the air or dragged under vehicles with little protection. Uh, and so in my experience, the injuries suffered by motorcyclists are largely dependent on, you know, the clothing uh even that they were wearing at the time of the collision. You know, I had a really devastating uh motorcycle case where a young woman was riding as a passenger on the back of her boyfriend's bike, just wearing flip-flops in a sundress. And, you know, even though she was wearing a helmet, the rest of her body was extremely vulnerable. And as a result, she suffered severe road burns to much of her body, in addition to those really terrible orthopedic injuries.
SPEAKER_01And of course, when we're speaking about complex injuries arising from motorcycle accidents, we can't overlook concussions and traumatic brain injuries. Um, in these accidents, helmets are a huge factor um as to the you know how how a how a plaintiff is going to fare. So let's talk about helmets for maybe a minute.
Warren BergHow effective are they?
Cynthia CarelsOoh, good question. Um I can safely say I wouldn't want to be in a motorcycle accident without one, uh, but a lot of damage
Motorcycle Liability And Early Evidence
Cynthia Carelscan still be done, even when bikers are wearing the best helmets that money can buy. And traumatic brain injuries are some of the most complex and misunderstood injuries that we have to deal with. And it's because brain injuries can have so many different symptoms. Uh it can include things like cognitive impairments or loss of memory and concentration, uh, things like difficulty learning, problems finding words and carrying on fluid conversations. Um, and these injuries can also lead to things like headaches, sensitivity to light and sound, and problems maintaining balance and coordinating movements.
SPEAKER_01Yes, and and properly assessing and treating concussions, also called mild traumatic brain injuries, is a huge challenge. Concussions generally don't show up on traditional imaging, even on all too elusive MRIs. Uh also there is a lot of research being done on the brain and and and how you know the brain is such a complex organ and how it responds to these injuries. That being said, when working for clients with traumatic brain injuries, we seek medical opinions from different experts across Canada who are at the cutting edge of concussion assessment and treatment. Uh, for instance, uh the newer technology of SPECT scanning, which is overseen by a neurologist, can show areas of decreased blood flow in the brain, which correlates with injuries such as concussion or even PTSD. So, what exactly is SPECT scanning? Well, SPEC stands for single photon emission computed tomography.
Cynthia CarelsThat's a mouthful.
SPEAKER_01Yeah, it is. Uh it's one of the latest technologies in diagnostic imaging. Um, so spec uses radioactive substance and special cameras to create 2D and 3D pictures of organs and tissues. Essentially, the cameras are capturing gamma rays given off by that tracer substance. Um, and and that can then turn into signal those signals into 3D images and cross-sectional images that show blood flow and cellular activity. So not only is it capturing the structures themselves, but it can also show details of damage by tracking blood flow or locating the activity of white blood cells as they are attempting to fight an infection.
Cynthia CarelsSo, you know, when we're talking about injuries from a motorcycle accident, there can be a lot going on in that patient's brain and their body. And sometimes those symptoms can be really difficult to sort out. Uh, for example, the presentation of you know delirium or altered cognition is quite common after a serious motorcycle accident, and there can be all sorts of reasons for that symptom. Uh it could just be a natural stress response, uh, it could be in response to an infection, or it could be a side effect of some heavy-duty painkillers, or it could actually be a brain injury.
Warren BergSo I would presume then when somebody ends up in hospital after a motorcycle injury, it can take some time to sort all of that out.
SPEAKER_01Oh, for sure. And there's also a hierarchy of needs that tend to get triaged in the ER. Um when we're, you know, at first you'd be focusing on the ABC's airway breathing and circulation, um, and then they're going to be moving into um stabilizing severe traumas. And it could be quite some time before anyone gets around to sorting out injuries at the cellular level, if at all. In fact, it's not unusual for mild traumatic brain injuries to be masked by all the other things that are going on after a motorcycle accident. It could be headaches that just won't go away or lingering brain fog. Um sometimes even the patient themselves doesn't really know what's going on, but their family members report personality changes, emotional outbursts, or for forgetfulness that is totally out of character.
Warren BergSo as lawyers, when you hear reports like this, what can you do?
Cynthia CarelsWell, obviously we aren't doctors, but we do have networks of doctors that we can recruit to help sort things out. Uh, for example, I can set my clients up to undergo neuropsychological testing. And that's testing that is done in a standardized clinic that can help to tease out the symptoms of brain injuries versus similar symptoms that might actually have other causes. So it's going to test things like reaction time, uh, memory, uh, and a variety of other indicators of that sort of general cognitive ability. Now, for people with brain injuries, their performance could be average in an area like intelligence and significantly decreased in other areas like reaction time or memory. And so this can help those specialists pinpoint perhaps injured regions of the brain and can also help us to identify if someone is suffering from recognized effects of a concussion.
SPEAKER_01And there's also neurocognitive assessment and therapy available, which is performed by specially trained occupational therapists who assess real-world ability to function. In past episodes, we've talked about occupational therapists or therapists that help people rehabilitate to be able to do their normal activities of daily living. Um, for people with concussions who say have memory problems, their ability to
Reconstruction Experts And Vehicle Data
SPEAKER_01function at work could be severely impacted. And certain occupational therapists are trained to rehabilitate people who have suffered these kinds of brain injuries by helping them function in the real-world environments at work, at home, or even just in the community.
Warren BergSo there's certainly a lot of different ways to detect brain injuries. In your work, are there any individuals that you find are more susceptible to these complex brain injuries?
Cynthia CarelsWell, as a matter of fact, I've found that traumatic brain injuries can be especially difficult to understand or appreciate when they happen to kids. Uh and in some cases, a brain injury might resolve, you know, relatively quickly with no future complications. But in other circumstances, a concussion can cause permanent and long-lasting consequences which might not be revealed or fully understood until many years after that injury. And it's especially true in kids because their brains are still developing, making concussions especially dangerous and even difficult to diagnose, particularly if kids themselves have difficulty, you know, putting into language to explain what they're actually experiencing. And having raised a couple of kids myself who have both had concussions, it can be really difficult to figure out what's causing all of these sort of nonspecific childhood complaints of uh you know feeling gross or tired, especially when all of those are overlapping with a with a known concussion. And so for this reason, traumatic brain injuries should be treated with concern by parents and medical advice is definitely warranted. It's also not a bad idea to keep records of those concussions because the research is actually showing that their effects can also compound with subsequent head injuries. So while initial symptoms might suggest the injury had resolved, you know, perhaps while a kid is still in elementary school, uh the true impact of that brain injury might not actually reveal itself until the child is in high school or even into young adulthood.
SPEAKER_01And this can be very important to consider for any parents who have purchased their children motorized scooters, dirt bikes. Or any other motorized vehicles. Because much like motorcycles, these vehicles pose heightened risk for their riders.
Warren BergAaron Powell Now, to tie this back to our discussion about concussions in general, I'm guessing that a lot of people who suffer from head injuries and motorbike crashes are knocked out entirely and may not even remember what happened. What do you do then?
Cynthia CarelsOh yeah, you're absolutely right. Sometimes our clients will have no idea what happened to them, uh how they landed up in hospital or what they experienced at all. And many of my clients who have suffered traumatic brain injuries also suffer from a post-traumatic amnesia. And this can be both about events before the crash, which is called retrograde amnesia, um, and then enterograde amnesia, uh, to use the medical term, about after the crash. I've even had clients who have been in a coma for for days or weeks after an accident, and it ends up being a family member who reaches out to us about their loved one. And when this is the case, uh those accident reconstructionists become even more crucial as our client will frequently not be able to provide a reliable account of what happened at all.
Warren BergAnd while we're on the topic of amnesia, I almost forgot to tell our listeners how they can get in touch with you. If they need to talk to a lawyer about an accident, whether it might be a motorcycle accident or some other type of injury, what is the best
Helmets, Concussions, And Brain Injuries
Warren Bergway to connect with you?
SPEAKER_01Uh well, our website is a great place to start. Werebowen.com. That's W-E-I-R-B-O-W-E-N.com. On our contact us page, there is a form that you can fill out and send us an inquiry, and our intake team will make sure that it gets to the right place. Uh, we also have a number of posts on our website dealing with many different legal issues our firm commonly handles. Uh, these are great, this is a great source of information uh for people wondering whether or not they have a claim and uh it provides some practical advice about things you can do in addition to contacting a lawyer.
Warren BergAnd what if the internet isn't an option?
Cynthia CarelsWell, we frequently get cold calls from people who are looking for legal advice. Um, and if that's your preference, then you can just call our main line at 780-424-2030, and our receptionist will put you in touch with someone on our team.
Warren BergThis is Ask the Lawyer on Windspeaker Radio, C F W E and C J W E. I'm your host, Warren Berg, and joining us today are Cynthia Carrolls and Teddy Sanders of We'Bowen, L L P and Edmonton. That's W-E-I-R-B-O-W-E-N. You can also reach them at 780-424-2030 or online at Wearbowen.com. Today we're talking about motorcycle accidents and some of the challenges associated with those kind of collisions. And of course, when we're talking about motorcycle accidents, we have to talk about traumatic brain injuries even when bikers are wearing helmets.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, unfortunately, a lot of damage can be done to a brain even when it is secured in a helmet. So, as we were speaking about earlier, some degree of post-traumatic amnesia is actually pretty common with motorcycle accidents. But as discussed, these injuries can come with a whole host of associated injuries, which can be both cognitive and psychological as well. For instance, many people who are injured in motorcycle accidents suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder following their collision. And many people who are injured in motorcycle accidents really don't remember anything. Or on the flip side, they remember everything that happened in the crash. Kind of like the whole thing was happening in slow motion before their very eyes. And that can include things like, you know, seeing their life flash before their eyes, or having nightmares, uh panic attacks, and even re-experiencing the collision through flashbacks.
SPEAKER_01And these mental injuries can often be overlooked, especially with motorcyclists who have obvious physical injuries that take priority initially. We found that many clients prefer not to talk about PTSD and don't even bring it up. In fact, PTSD avoidance can be a coping method. For this reason, a good personal injury lawyer is going to take some time to explore the possibility of PTSD. This involves assessments by professional psychologists aimed at uncovering psychological conditions resulting from a motor vehicle accident and making treatment recommendations for these conditions. Once we can establish the need for future treatment, we can then seek compensation for that treatment during settlement negotiations.
Warren BergAnd I know you both have already touched upon this, but are there maybe any other reasons why a client might avoid telling you about PSD, PTSD symptoms?
Cynthia CarelsOh, there are many reasons. You know, first of all, many individuals simply lack insight into their own condition and can't really explain what they're feeling or how their psychological condition has actually changed their life. For example, someone might not understand how their condition has changed in the same way that their friends or family might be observing. And it's often the people who are closest to us who are the first to notice that something has changed. I've also found that some clients find talking about their symptoms is triggering, and in some instances they might even feel shame. And many clients would much rather talk about a broken leg than a broken brain or emotions that aren't working properly. Now, thankfully, our courts have gotten better at recognizing psychological injuries and the profound impact those can have on people's lives, but we still have a long way to go in truly validating these injuries. Like physical injuries, psychological injuries can affect all aspects of a person's life, from their ability to earn income to their ability to mow the lawn and fold the laundry. And like physical injuries, many psychological injuries can be managed uh with professional treatment.
Warren BergSo I know we're definitely hearing more and more about it, but it
SPECT Scans And Neuro Testing
Warren Bergseems like the sort of thing that people have to live with for the rest of their lives is there may be something that can be done to treat PTSD.
SPEAKER_01Well, thankfully, Warren, there's been a lot of research to help people who are suffering from PTSD. Um as I mentioned previously, SPECT scanning is starting to identify people with PTSD, so it's becoming less hidden. Um, in addition, there's a variety of targeted therapies that individuals can access to help mitigate the effects of PTSD. These include cognitive behavioral therapies, cognitive processing therapies, and prolonged exposure therapies. Now, in essence, these treatments focus on helping people change patterns of thinking that are harmful to their psychological well-being. And they can improve behaviors, thoughts, beliefs, and feelings that lead to difficulties in functioning after a traumatic event. You can think of these therapies as ways to train your brain to gradually approach trauma in a safe and measured environment and equip it with skills and tools to avoid our uh or respond to triggering situations.
Cynthia CarelsAnd thankfully, we are seeing more of these psychological strategies being incorporated into what's known as multidisciplinary rehabilitation approaches. And the idea behind a multidisciplinary approach is definitely honoring that mind-body connection as we come to understand that huge role our mental health plays in our healing from physical injuries. So, in a multidisciplinary setting, we're going to see psychologists working hand in hand with people like occupational therapists or physical therapists, uh, the rehab med doctors, uh even massage therapists and acupuncturists and chiropractics and sometimes even psychiatrists.
SPEAKER_01And there's also growing research in the interaction between physical pain and psychological injuries. Definitely. For example, at our office, we're seeing um more success with claims involving chronic regional pain syndrome or CRPS. Individuals with CRPS suffer from debilitating pain that is often not discernible by physical imaging. Um, for these individuals, um, as you were saying, Cynthia, the multidisciplinary approaches to pain management can be a lifeline for the physical and psychological management of their chronic pain condition.
Warren BergSo, with all of this talk of medicine, it's maybe easy to get lost in the terminology. You had mentioned that multidisciplinary rehabilitation can involve psychologists and psychiatrists. What is the difference between the two?
Cynthia CarelsExcellent question. Uh, psychologists tend to use a lot of talk therapy and teaching to help our clients work through emotional psychological trauma. In Alberta, clinical psychologists can diagnose psychological conditions and they can prescribe treatment plans to help patients maintain their conditions. Uh, but psychiatrists are actually medical doctors who specialize in mental health and mental disorders. So they have a bit of a different set of tools in their arsenal, including prescription medications to help someone who is suffering uh, you know, from uh a cognitive or or post-traumatic uh stress disorder.
SPEAKER_01So, in the context of a multidisciplinary approach, these two disciplines bring different but frequently complementary approaches to treating a client. For example, sleep is foundation sleep is a foundational building block for recovery, um, but is often elusive for people suffering from PTSD and other serious injuries. On the other hand, using medication to calm anxiety and regulate sleep, even if it's only for a few weeks, may be necessary before any of the other rehabilitation work can be done. And in the context of pain-related psychological conditions or psychosomatic conditions, a treatment plan that includes medication and sessions with a psychologist and physiotherapist may be the best way to help a patient manage their condition.
Warren BergOkay, so that's very helpful helpful. Uh before you mentioned occupational therapists and physical therapists, what is the difference between them?
SPEAKER_01Well, physical therapy is a form of treatment geared towards improving or managing pain and limitations in mobility. For this reason, before providing treatment, physical therapists will generally perform an initial assessment of their patient to determine what areas of their body may be giving them grief. Following this assessment, they will then provide targeted treatment to those areas as a way to improve pain and enhance mobility.
Cynthia CarelsAnd in contrast to that, occupational therapy focuses on assessing a patient's current and future ability to perform daily activities and then providing recommendations to patients about ways to improve their ability to function on a daily basis. For example, if a patient suffers a traumatic brain injury in a motor vehicle accident and they develop a sensitivity to, say, light and sound as a result, an occupational therapist might make recommendations regarding some workplace accommodations that would be required for that person to be able to safely return to work while also still trying to improve their rehabilitation. Similarly, if an accident victim found themselves unable to get out of bed or walk independently due to their injuries, an occupational therapist might recommend that that person have, you know, a bed rail or some form of mobility aid.
Warren BergSo this all sounds very medical.
SPEAKER_01What is a lawyer's role in all of this? Well, Warren, in the weeks and months following a motor vehicle accident, focusing on treatment and rehabilitation is absolutely critical. The medical care is obviously the top priority. However, there is also a lot to think about in terms of using the legal system to protect your rights and to access the resources you'll
PTSD After A Serious Collision
SPEAKER_01need to get through the recovery. And oh my goodness, does that ever mean a lot of paperwork, which is our area of expertise?
Cynthia CarelsYeah, indeed it is. If you are involved in any sort of motor vehicle accident, it is very important that you know you contact your own insurance company right away to notify them of any property damages and injuries that you've sustained. And in addition, in Alberta, as it currently stands anyways, all insurers offer what is called Section B benefits. And those are laid out in Section B of every standard automobile policy issued by any insurer in the province of Alberta. And these benefits are a form of insurance that is offered regardless of whether you are at fault in an accident or not. And I'm going to get a little technical here. Uh read out exactly what the wording in that section of the policy states, and then we'll go back and interpret it a little bit. Because it does entitle people injured in automobile accidents to all reasonable expenses incurred within two years from the date of an accident as a result of those injuries for necessary medical, surgical, chiropractic, dental, hospital, psychological, physical therapy, occupational therapy, massage therapy, acupuncture, professional nursing and ambulance services, and in addition for other services and supplies that are, in the opinion of the insured's uh person's attending physician, and in the opinion of the insurer's medical advisor, essential for the treatment or rehabilitation of the injured person.
SPEAKER_01So, yeah, figuring out what that means can sometimes be as tricky as it sounds. Uh, we frequently get calls from potential clients who are frustrated with their own insurance companies regarding the Section B benefits and what they're entitled to. And although these benefits are technically supposed to be available for two years from the date of the accident, it doesn't mean the insurer will agree to pay for everything you might want for two full years. And although there is a $50,000 limit on this coverage, it is exceedingly rare for most people to ever come close to getting authorization for that much treatment. In addition, there are very specific limits on certain types of treatment providers, such as chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists. So navigating through this legislation and understanding entitlements can be a bit overwhelming, especially when individuals are also actively dealing with the pain, disability, and inconvenience or brain injury from the accident. And for those who are also experiencing cognitive impairments with a traumatic brain injury, it's way worse. So how does somebody know if they should be calling a lawyer?
Cynthia CarelsYou know, truly my advice is to err on the side of calling. We get dozens of calls every week, and we have a team of lawyers that can ask you the questions that we really need to have answered in order to determine if your situation warrants further investigation. And also being called early allows us to assess if there's anything that we can or should be doing in the early stages to collect valuable evidence, you know, like a black box from a car that's been impounded by the police, and eventually those written off cars are destroyed, and we want to make sure our experts have the chance to get that important evidence if we think responsibility for the collision is going to be in dispute.
SPEAKER_01What kind of information are you looking for in that first call? Well, there are a number of things that we'll ask in that first call. We'll ask um when and where the accident happened, who was responsible for the accident, or is liability still in dispute. We'll ask um what injuries did you sustain, um, and also have you been receiving treatment, and and if so, what sort of treatment? Additionally, we'll ask a series of questions about the caller's injuries and how they've impacted their life. Um, this will often involve questions about work and school, family and household duties, and recreational activities. We will also want to know if you have had uh to spend a bunch of your own money on out-of-pocket expenses and other care needs. Sounds like a lot of information. What if somebody doesn't have all those answers?
Cynthia CarelsYou know, it's truly okay if you don't have the answers. And if you don't, in many cases we can help you figure out what you might still need to pull together and what sort of timelines you might be facing, because those can be really big issues. Um and it's important to also know that, you know, calling us for a consultation is free of charge. So regardless of whether or not, you know, we end up getting retained as counsel, uh, hopefully the caller will have a better understanding of their legal rights without worrying about needing to open their wallets.
Warren BergVery good to know. I also want to key on timelines that you mentioned. Uh are there deadlines that our listeners need to know about?
SPEAKER_01Yes. That's another great question, and one that brings us to a topic that will come up in pretty much every personal injury lawsuit, and that is limitation. Limitation periods. Yeah. Um so in Alberta, there are two important deadlines or limitation dates that plaintiffs must consider uh before filing a lawsuit. The first limitation date generally occurs two years after the date a person knew or ought to have known that they had a claim against the defendant. To
Rehab Teams And Provider Roles
SPEAKER_01understand how this limitation works, let's imagine that a person is injured in a car accident and suffers a concussion. In that circumstance, their limitation date would be two years after the date of the accident, because the injury and its cause are obvious the moment it happens. In addition to the two-year limitation date, however, there's an additional 10-year ultimate limitation date. Unlike the two-year deadline, which begins only when a plaintiff knew or ought to have known that they had a claim against the defendant, the ultimate limitation date is fixed, always occurring 10 years after the date a potential claim arose. To understand how this limitation date works, let's imagine that a person slips on a wet floor in a restaurant, and the days and weeks after the fall, they feel no worse for wear. However, unbeknownst to them, the fall caused irreversible damage to their spine, which, 12 years after the fact, starts to manifest itself in severe arthritis. The 10-year limitation date makes it so that the individual cannot sue more than 10 years after the fact, even if they genuinely didn't know that they had a claim during that 10-year period.
Cynthia CarelsYeah, and it's important to remember that the rules around limitation periods can vary across provinces and territories. For this reason, if you're thinking about suing, it's important to talk to a lawyer to understand what limitation dates, what limitation dates apply in your jurisdiction and what those dates are likely to uh occur given your particular set of facts. There's also some other specific pieces of legislation that can make certain limitation and notice periods even shorter, such as rules addressing liability against municipal governments like towns and cities. So honestly, it's really important not to wait to talk to a lawyer about what rules might apply to your specific situation. And, you know, of course, as we always mention on Ask the Lawyer, the information that we give on this show is just that. It's just general information. Uh, but for actual legal advice relating to a specific claim, real uh listeners really do need to speak directly to a lawyer who can review all of the relevant facts and records.
Warren BergOkay, so I have to ask, is it ever possible to get out of a limitation period?
Cynthia CarelsSo unfortunately, the Limitation Act is quite rigid. Um, and you know, while lawyers can make arguments about when that two-year limitation date should occur based on when the plaintiff truly discovered that they had a claim against the defendant, uh, that 10-year limitation date is pretty immovable. Um but that being said, there are some important exceptions within the Limitations Act. Uh, for example, under the Act, the limitation period for a claim by a minor or a child doesn't start until they turn 18. And so that means in most cases a child has until their 20th birthday to file a claim because that clock doesn't start ticking for them until their 18th birthday. So that means if someone settled their child's personal injury claim years ago, but the settlement uh, you know, perhaps wasn't approved by the court and the child hadn't turned 20 yet, there might still be time to file a claim for damages or reopen, you know, what might be perceived as a bad deal. There's also exceptions within the Limitations Act for adults under a disability. So people who don't have the mental capacity to make legal decisions for themselves. Um, you know, circling back to what we've been talking about today regarding traumatic brain injuries, we've seen situations where you know a previously completely independent adult gets so badly injured in an accident that they actually do lose their capacity to make legal decisions. Uh, so that can add another whole level of complexity to the situation, and and that's really going to benefit from tapping into competent legal advice sooner rather than later.
SPEAKER_01That's great to know. And now before moving on, I want to remind our listeners that the information we're sharing today is just general information and may or may not apply to a particular case. Um, for that reason, nothing you hear from us today should be taken as legal advice. If anyone is looking for actual legal advice about their situation or has questions about anything we talk about on Ask the Lawyer, we recommend that you contact us to discuss the circumstances of your particular case before jumping to any conclusions that could impact your claim or legal rights.
Warren BergThanks for the reminder, Teddy. It might also be a good time to remind our listeners how they can get in touch with you.
SPEAKER_01Sure. Um the easiest way would be through our website, uh wearbowen.com. That's W-E-I-R-B-O-W-E-N.com. And alternatively, you can call our main line at 780-424-2030. And our reception staff can put you in touch with one of our lawyers for consultation.
Warren BergThis is Ask the Lawyer on Windspeaker Radio, C F W E and C J W E. I'm your host, Warren Berg, and joining us today are Teddy
Section B Benefits And Insurance Friction
Warren BergSanders and Cynthia Carrolls of Wearbowen L L P in Edmonton. Once again, that's W-E-I-R-B-O-W-E-N. The phone number is 780-424-2030. You can also see them online at WeirdBowen.com. And today we're talking about motor vehicle accidents and personal injury claims. When an accident happens, do you have some tips for our listeners to keep in mind even before they call a lawyer?
Cynthia CarelsWell, you know, the aftermath of an accident can be pretty chaotic. Um I'm not gonna lie, I have actually received calls from the scene of an accident, and I can assure you this is not necessary, um, and it might even be unsafe. So at the scene of the accident, most important thing is to make sure that everyone is safe, and if not, you're gonna be wanting to call 911 for help immediately. Uh, but once everyone's safety is assured, it can be helpful to do a few things like you know, snap some photos of the vehicles involved, uh, their positions on the roadway, if it's safe to do so, if there's any damage or debris scatter. But we also really want to make sure, if you can, that you snap a photo of the other driver's license, uh, their insurance and registration. And the other thing we would really like to do is have you get contact information for any of the independent witnesses who saw the accident, because those witnesses can be really helpful if the other driver disputes your particular version of what happened.
Warren BergWhat about involving the police?
SPEAKER_01Should you always call the police? Well, actually, in many cases, it's not necessary to call the police. police to the scene of a collision. If your vehicle is drivable and you don't you don't have to wait around for them to arrive. You also don't have to block the road for any longer than is necessary. However, whenever you are in an accident you should file a police report. If you're in Edmonton, you'll do that at one of our collision reporting centers, but elsewhere in the province, just go to the closest police station. Regardless, when going to fill out this report, the other driver doesn't have to come with you. Just make sure that they have their con that you have their contact information if you can safely get it. And if they don't attend to give their their report in a reasonable timeline, the police will follow up with them. Also, if you have the contact information for any of the independent witnesses, be sure to pass that along to the police as well. The police sometimes question whether you need to file a report, but if there is even minor injuries it needs to be reported.
Cynthia CarelsAnd so when you call our office, we're going to be asking you to send us a copy of that police report if you have it, because it's going to give us a lot of the preliminary information we need to determine if we can actually help you. The report will also tell us you know when the accident happened and that's going to help us address any of those limitation issues. It's also going to tell us where the accident happened who we might have to sue and who the defendant driver's insurance is.
Warren BergSo this raises an interesting question. What if you don't know who hit you? I'm thinking maybe about situations like a hit and run accident where the other driver flees the scene. What do you do then?
SPEAKER_01Well the bad news is that this does happen more often than it should. The good news is that we can still help you. In Alberta the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act fund will pay up to $200,000 for motor vehicle accident injuries caused by unknown drivers. It is important to note however that these kinds of cases involve naming the administrator of this fund as a nominal defendant because we are actually claiming from a government managed fund when we don't have an actual defendant to sue. We are also required to put the administrator of the fund on notice in writing within 90 days after the accident. Failing to do so is not necessarily fatal to a claim but would we would have to get written a written waiver of that timeline from the administrator and there is no guarantee that they will agree to that. So if you have suffered injuries in a hit and run accident do not wait to call us. Good to know.
Warren BergLet's back up for a second to what you said about this fund paying up to $200,000 for injuries leads me to two questions. Number one, where does this money come from and number two hundred thousand dollars for a really bad accident so what if that's not enough?
Cynthia CarelsYeah those are both excellent questions so I'll tackle the first one Teddy you can take the second so the Motor Vehicle accident claims program was created actually by provincial legislation back in 1947. And the goal was pr to protect victims who are injured by uninsured or unknown drivers by ensuring that the victims have an avenue for recovery for their personal injuries. So I just checked the other day the last time the regulation was updated was just last year and that fee was uh $12 for each vehicle that gets registered.
SPEAKER_01And as for the $200,000 that has been the limit since June 1st of 1997
When To Call And Limitation Dates
SPEAKER_01and had this number been adjusted to it for inflation which unfortunately it hasn't that would amount to roughly $375,000 in today's dollars. And yes Warren you are absolutely right that the $200,000 limit does fall short especially when we have a bad accident or multiple people making claims for the same accident. It also doesn't cover any property damage at all. It is limited just to injuries and the $200,000 is the total amount available to respond to all injury claims associated with the accident. It's not a personal limit. So what happens when that's just not enough?
Cynthia CarelsYeah so we get into another whole complex area of insurance law regarding inadequately insured motorists. So the first thing we need to do is determine how many claims there are against that $200,000 pot. Then we have to add up the total value of all of those claims and we divide it on what's called a pro rata split. So essentially everyone's going to get a share of that $200,000 in proportion to the value of their claim compared to the whole set of damages. So I'll use an illustration to as an example for how this works. So let's say there's three people in a car that's involved in a motor vehicle accident and let's say the driver themselves suffers $200,000 in damages and each of the passengers suffers $100,000 each. Now unfortunately for these individuals the other at fault driver had no insurance and since they didn't have insurance these three individuals are going to be bringing that claim against the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act fund. And in this instance that $200,000 split is going to be needed or needed to be divided between the three occupants of the vehicle and since the driver suffered twice the value of damages of both the passengers the driver's going to be entitled to twice the amount within that $200,000 pie. So it means the driver's pro rata share is going to be $100,000 while each passenger is only going to get $50,000.
Warren BergOkay so that makes sense Cynthia but if my math is correct in your example the driver is $100,000 short and each passenger is $50,000 short of the damages they were entitled to because of the accident are they able to claim damages from anywhere else?
SPEAKER_01Well Warren I'm I'm going to use an overused lawyer phrase here. It depends in some circumstances the injured party may look to their own insurance to cover this deficit. So some insurance policies have what's called SEF 44. SEF stands for standard endorsement form because that language is standardized by legislation. No matter what insurance company you buy or insurance through or the insurance you you you you receive everyone should take a moment today to look at their own insurance coverages for that SEF 44 endorsement which is also known as the family protection endorsement. If you are eligible to make a claim under that endorsement of your policy then we are also going to put your insurer on notice for the claim as soon as possible. We can then look to the coverages provided under the contract to assess more money, assuming your own policy provides for more coverage.
Cynthia CarelsYeah you know we could probably dedicate another whole show to cases involving inadequately insured motorists but it is like Teddy said a really good idea to check with your insurance company or broker to make sure that you fully understand what you're buying what your policy will provide to you and to your family in the event you are the victim of a hit and run or if you're injured by a driver with inadequate insurance coverage. Now just for some context
What To Do After A Crash
Cynthia Carelsuh Alberta's Automobile insurance rate board says that over 98% of Alberta vehicles are insured for at least a million dollars or more of third party liability coverage. So yay to that but there are still some people driving around with that minimum $200,000 that is required by statute. That is old timey numbers and it is definitely something to talk to your insurance broker about to make sure that you have appropriate coverage not only for the damages that you might accidentally cause to someone else but also to respond if a driver who hits you isn't carrying enough or any insurance to pay for your losses.
Warren BergThat's very good to know Cynthia now I'm going to switch gears here just a little bit. I'm I'm wondering how do you and your team at Weirbowen figure out what a claim is worth for somebody who's injured in a car accident?
Cynthia CarelsYou know we actually start thinking about this from the time of our very first phone call. It's when we're asking you all those nosy questions about the nature of your injuries, the treatment you've received the impact it's had on your work and your home duties, and of course all of those expenses you've had to incur you know so we're going to be gathering all of that information together. Then we're going to look at case law to see if we can find similar cases to yours in order to figure out what the courts have awarded for you know your general damages for pain and suffering.
SPEAKER_01I've always wondered about pain and suffering awards how can you accurately put a dollar value on that well there's a lot of misunderstanding about pain and suffering awards especially since we hear so much about American cases in the news so in Canada there's there's a trilogy of Supreme Court of Canada cases from the 1970s that place a $100,000 cap on pain and suffering or general damages that can be recovered in a personal injury action. This cap is indexed to inflation so currently it's around $470,000. Practically speaking the most severe personal injuries will result in general damage awards at or near the cap, while less severe injuries will result in awards toward the bottom of the possible range of general damages. Now in many U.S. states there is no cap for pain and suffering. As a result general damage awards south of the border can be in the millions of dollars but that is just not the case here in Canada.
Cynthia CarelsBut it is important to note that injured Canadians aren't only entitled to those pain and suffering awards. In addition to those damages people are also entitled to pecuniary damages or to use plain language damages that can be calculated mathematically and those damages include loss of income, past and future cost of care, out-of-pocket expenses and loss of housekeeping capacity. And depending on the nature and severity of an injury these calculatable damages can far exceed those general damages awards. Sometimes inflating claims to be you know in the hundreds of thousands or or even millions of dollars.
Warren BergNow that makes sense that you can mathematically calculate somebody's income loss how can you calculate somebody's loss of let's say housekeeping capacity if it's unpaid
Hit And Run Funds And SEF 44
Warren Bergwork well just because it's mostly unpaid labor doesn't mean it has no value.
SPEAKER_01And this is where occupational therapists can be very useful in personal injury litigation. When they assess an individual's functional capacity they can also assess the scope and value of their labor within the household. For instance if an accident victim can no longer mow the lawn or shovel the driveway following an accident a functional capacity report may state that moving forward such household services will need to be contracted out to a third party. Knowing this, we can then quantify how much it will cost for our client to hire someone to take care of their yard for the duration of their injury. I should also note that past losses of the ability to perform household services are compensable as well. This is the case even when the individual has not or was not receiving compensation for their household work. So what this means is that when an individual was unable to care for their yard from the time of their injury to the date of their settlement they will be entitled to damages even though they were not charging anyone for that work. Now the law does not discriminate between unpaid and paid labor. When someone can no longer perform household duties due to the injuries suffered from a negligent driver they will be entitled to compensation.
Cynthia CarelsThankfully no if it is our opinion at Weirbo and that a potential client has what seems to be a meritorious case we generally run these kinds of files under a contingency fee agreement. And under these agreements we get paid based on a percentage of what we ultimately recover for our clients and law societies have identified that the cost of legal fees on an hourly basis can present a barrier to justice particularly for individuals who've been injured as a consequence of someone else's negligence. So clients who can't work or need money to pay for their treatment don't also need to worry about coming up with resources to pay us especially since these cases can take many, many years to work their way through the system.
Warren BergAaron Ross Powell I want to circle back to maybe something that you mentioned earlier in the show that unfortunately 2026 looks to be a record year for traffic fatalities. Do you have much experience with fatality claims at Weirboan?
Cynthia CarelsYeah um and the numbers are really quite staggering. I you know I read a as of August 31st of this year the Alberta RCMP have recorded 192 traffic fatalities within their jurisdiction compared with just 144 during the same period last year. And apparently the statistics have been higher every month of 2026 except for the month of June for some reason. And you know each one of these fatalities is someone's friend their family member coworker or neighbor and sadly we do see a lot
Valuing Damages And Wrongful Death
Cynthia Carelsof traffic fatality claims at Weirbowen. Now generally speaking when someone passes away as a result of a motor vehicle accident uh it's their surviving family members that may be entitled to damages and you know while the fundamentals of negligence law don't necessarily change when we're prosecuting these claims the type of damages available and the way those damages are calculated does change substantially.
Warren BergSo if somebody dies wouldn't that mean that the value of the claim would go way up compared to if the person survived?
SPEAKER_01Well not necessarily in Alberta wrongful death claims are governed by the Fatal Accidents Act and this act prescribes who is permitted to bring the claim and who can benefit from the claim and and what the beneficiaries can claim for. Under the Act surviving family members are entitled to damages for bereavement, loss of dependency damages for funeral costs and grief counseling and pre-death care. Bereavement damages have different amounts depending on who the claimant is so as opposed to assessing how deeply an individual is grieved by the loss these numbers are just capped in the Act. So according to the Act a surviving spouse or individual or adult interdependent partner is entitled to $82,000 and surviving parents are jointly entitled to $82,000 and each surviving child is entitled to $49,000. Loss of dependency claims can vary dramatically depending on the level of support the deceased was providing to their family members prior to their death. This head of damage is claimable for dependency on income as well as on household services.
Cynthia CarelsAnd sadly wrongful death claims do make up a substantial percentage of the files that we run as personal injury lawyers at Weirbowen and they bring a whole myriad of additional quirks and challenges that we'll for sure explore in greater detail in a future show. Hopefully no one listening to today's show will ever have to make a call to a lawyer about a fatality claim. But it is important for us to talk about and to raise awareness about since you know accidents are rarely predictable. They might be preventable but one never knows when you or your family might be facing one of these situations. So it is good to have a bit of an understanding of how these things work at minimum and who to call.
Warren BergWe've covered a lot of ground today in the September edition of Ask the Lawyer for twenty twenty six with Teddy Sanders and Cynthia Carroll of We're Bowen L L P in Edmonton if you need more information you can visit their website WeirdBowen.com that's W E I R B O W E N dot com. You can call them at 780 424 2030 and you can also find a link to Ask the Lawyer on our homepage where these shows will be able to stream on demand. Thanks once again to Cynthia and Teddy.
Cynthia CarelsAnd thanks to you Warren Yeah as always it's really great to work with you on this series Warren as we strive to bring a bit of legal education to to the listeners.
Warren BergAnd we look forward to learning much more through this series which takes place on the last Saturday of every month on Windspeaker Radio C FWE and CJWE
